The following step by step guide shows you how to make a 1 liter test batch of bio-diesel. Hopefully this will give you an idea what it's about. No matter how much you make 1 or 500 liters of the method is the same, but you will most likely be using oil, if you continue your production.
What you need to do: The first step is to gather all the ingredients. Biodiesel is formed when a catalyst is incorporated in vegetable oil. This causes it to split fuel and glycerol. This is basically the same process as a soap maker would follow.
Chemicals: From your local supermarket will receive a one liter bottle for a vegetable oil, the cheaper the better. From the same market you need something caustic soda or drain cleaners, buy crystals or powder instead of liquid, and look on the label to make sure it is pure sodium with no added ingredients.
You also need to methanol. It is possible you need to order it online from a chemical supply company. However, you may be able to buy it from a car parts store, since it is used as a fuel system antifreeze.
Equipment: Since some of the ingredients can be dangerous, you should wear safety glasses and rubber gloves during the process. Also, make sure the room is well ventilated you. The only other equipment you need is a pan to heat the oil, an old 2-liter plastic beverage bottle for mixing, an old jar and a three-liter open tank for washing the final mix. Finally a garden hose or spray that a fin can produce water mist.
Procedure: Heat your oil to 60 degrees Celsius, the temperature with a cooking thermometer. Use a low flame so that it does not heat up too quickly. While this is happening Mix together 200 ml of methanol and 5 g of sodium hydroxide in an old glass when you are making more than one liter easily scale this according to IE for 5 liters 1 liter of methanol and 25 g of crystals use. When the chemicals mix they generate heat, so it is best to do this outdoors or in a safe environment.
Once your oil reaches temperature you decant it into your plastic bottle, then add the chemicals from the glass. Once this catalyst, the oil hits you will see on cloud when a reaction occurs. Put the lid on the bottle and shake to mix thoroughly.
Let the mixture settle for about an hour, you will see a liquid on the top and a solid residue at the bottom. This fluid is your fuel is solid or glycerin soap. Poor from the liquid into the large open-topped container for washing.
Washing: With a fine mist attachment on your hose or a spray bottle of water can be a little above the surface of the fuel. Approximately one third of the volume of the fuel in water. The water drops will fall by the fuel, and how they do it they will remove any final impurities. Leave the poor out of the water and fuel your your first homemade bio-diesel.
I hope I have shown that your own bio-diesel is a fairly simple process. A test batch by following the instructions above should tell you whether you wish to proceed to a larger amount....
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